By Elizabeth Closs Traugott (Ed.), Bernd Heine (Ed.)
The learn of grammaticalization increases a couple of primary theoretical concerns concerning the relation of langue and parole, creativity and automated coding, synchrony and diachrony, categoriality and continua, typological features and language-specific types, etc., and consequently demanding situations many of the simple tenets of 20th century linguistics.This two-volume paintings provides a few different theoretical viewpoints on grammaticalization and offers insights into the genesis, improvement, and association of grammatical different types in a couple of language world-wide, with specific awareness to morphosyntactic and semantic-pragmatic issues.
The papers in quantity I are divided into sections, the 1st interested by common process, and the second one with problems with directionality. these in quantity II are divided into 5 sections: verbal constitution, argument constitution, subordination, modality, and a number of paths of grammaticalization.
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Extra resources for Approaches to Grammaticalization, Volume I: Theoretical and Methodological Issues
Example text
Went there by (0) bus'. The theoretical consequence of seeing categories in this way is to relativize the notion of "category" to discourse, and hence to see membership in a category as being, not determined in advance for a form, but secondary to the deployment of the form in discourse; in other words, to replace the idea of "a category" with one of "degree of categoriality". The process of grammaticization can usually be seen to involve a loss of the optional markers of categoriality. The functional counterpart of this "decategorialization" is a loss of discourse autonomy for the form: "noun"-like forms no longer identify participants in a discourse, "verb"-like forms no longer report new events.
Like Lehmann's principles, too, they are not intended as novel insights into the nature and course of linguistic change; on the contrary, they are to a large extent part of the general lore about language change as it has been elaborated by linguists since the Neogrammarians, or simple extrapolations from that lore. But they assume a special relevance in the context of grammaticization as being potentially diagnostic of the emergence of grammatical forms and constructions out of already available material, 22 PAUL J.
They were, in other words, to be an entree into the study of grammaticization in a particular language. But if grammaticization is not already a given, the principles do not in fact identify it unambiguously. They speak only to the question of "more" or "less" grammaticized, not to the question of "in" or "out" of grammar. Worse still, they do not discriminate between processes of change which result in grammaticization and processes of change which do not result in grammati cization. Layering, Divergence, Specialization, Persistence, and De-categorialization are not the exclusive domain of grammaticization, but are common to change in general.